A Want of Clearness in Articulation: The First High Council Disciplinary Charge

By dltayman, 23 July, 2010, 1 Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

I couple days ago, I finished a re-read of what is now Doctrine and Covenants 102, which contain the revised minutes of the organization of the High Council of Zion. (see here for early versions of the text)

I find this section of particular historical interest, because I currently serve on the High Council of our Stake. For the most part, the practical elements of D&C 102 are still fully in force, especially when it comes to the details of convening and carrying out a Disciplinary Council.

However, In 1834, Church organization was significantly less expansive than it is now. At this point, there was no Quorum of Twelve Apostles, nor Quorums of 70. Presidents of Stakes as we understand them now would come significantly later.

Prior to the organization of the High Council, the General Church Government consisted of a Presidency (with many assistants), and the Bishop. As the Church expanded and Stakes were established, the patterns were expanded, and Bishops were situated in additional stakes as their presiding officers. For example, there was a Bishop in Kirtland, and a Bishop in Zion (Independence, MO).

It was at this time that the first High Council was established, with General Churchwide jurisdiction, and with the President of the Church and his two counselors (Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams) as the Presidency of the Council.

Once the Quorum of the 12 was established a short while later, they were originally established as a Traveling High Council, with jurisdiction only over what may be referred to as 'The Mission Field', or over branches in areas where full stakes were not yet organized.

Early Church Organizational Structure

Church Structure 1835-1839

While the High Council was generally established to convene difficult matters concerning offenses in the Church where one's membership and standing would be in question, I found that the first recording meeting of the High Council for such a purpose was a bit more, shall we say, for a far less serious offence than what would call for such a council today.

In short, an Elder was called to the council on the charge that he was...preaching too loud.

Seriously.

Here's how the official charge read on this matter:

Elder Hodges was being called to account " for an error in the manner of his address, which consisted of loud speaking, and a want of clearness in articulation"

One witness testified that, "Elder Hodges talked so loud at a prayer meeting that the neighbors came out to see if someone was hurt...he raised his voice so high that he could not articulate so as to be understood.” Another testified that, "Elder Hodges was guilty of hollowing so loud that in a measure he lost his voice, and uttered but little else distinctly than ‘Glory to heaven's King’."

While he originally pleaded not guilty, the words of the President of the Council (Joseph Smith) made him rethink his position.

Joseph said, apart from noting Elder Hodges lack of humility, that, even "if he had the Spirit of the Lord at the meetings, where he hollowed, he must have abused it, and grieved it away."

All the council agreed with this assessment, and Elder Hodges "then rose, and said he now saw his error, but never saw it before...He said that he had learned more during this trial than he had since he came into the Church; confessed freely his error, and said he would attend to the overcoming of that evil, the Lord being his helper."

"The Council forgave him, and adjourned".1

Can anyone question why I love Church History so much?

Makes me wonder if Elder Hodges preaching was anything like this:

  1. History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2:33 []

How I Study Restoration Church History – The Early and Kirtland Years

By dltayman, 8 July, 2010, No Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

A relatively short while ago, I decided I was going to pursue an in-depth study of the progressive doctrinal development within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and to have a better grasp on its history, using the Revelations as an anchor point. There's a lot of doctrinal folklore in the Church, and one of my key purposes was to identify the origins of such teachings, determining the context of who, when, and under what circumstances the ideas orignally arose.

It's certainly a slow process, time wise, but absolutely fascinating, and has proven to be well worth the effort I've put into it. I thought it may be of interest to some of you to know the resources I use for such a study. I know there are many who have an interest in Church History, but don't know where to start, or where to go. I'll divide my sources into categories for convenience, with a focus on the early years of the restoration, through the Kirtland era (which is where I currently am with my studies).

The Temple: Part 2 – Three Degrees of Glory (section a, The Bronze Laver)

By dltayman, 29 June, 2010, No Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

Apologies for the delay, and still this isn’t the ‘final’ Part 2. This part of the collaboration video with David Larsen from Heavenly Ascents presents the introduction to Part 2, as well as a discussion of the symbolism surrounding the Bronze Laver in the outer courts of the Solomonic temple. Work, Family and other responsibilities have kept me from proceeding on this part as fast as the first, but I’m hoping to add onto this one in the short future.  for those who missed the introduction, this is part of a series of videos illustrating David Larsen’s work which discusses the nature, function, doctrines, and ritual of the ancient Temple, in a manner that will be especially of interest to those desiring to understand the connection with modern Latter-day Saint Temples.

This and the other parts are presented on the YouTube channel for Visions of the Kingdom, As well as  on David Larsen’s Heavenly Ascents YouTube channel.

Annual Meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature – Papers of Interest

By dltayman, 2 June, 2010, No Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

The weekend of November 20-23, the Society of Biblical Literature will be hosting their massive annual meeting in Atlanta, GA. Daniel McClellan, who has more than one paper being presented, has compiled a list of papers and sessions that would be especially of interest to latter-day saints. Of special note is a presentation by Margaret Barker speaking as a response to Hugh Nibley’s classic ‘Christian Envy of the Temple’.

My wife says attendance would be an appropriate Birthday gift for me, so if the stars all align, I hope to be there! Go here for registration information. Note that there’s a special reduced rate for spouses…my beloved may potentially be coming with me as well!

Also, right now the SBL member price for signup is $100 less than that for a non-member. An annual associate membership only costs $60, so signing up for a membership would not only get you all the membership benefits, but also save you about $35!

Here’s the list as presented by Dan:

—–

The program book for this November’s annual meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature in Atlanta, Ga. is available online here. I’d like to list some papers and sessions I think are of general or particular interest to Latter-day Saints. If the session isn’t listed you can just search for the name in the program book. You can read each paper’s abstract by clicking on its title in the program book. Let me know if you have any questions or comments. (If you can’t figure out how it’s relevant, the author is probably LDS.)

Tod R Harris, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Still Water, Rushing Water: A Comparison of the River Descriptions in Genesis with Parallel Portrayals in Old Norse Eddic Literature

James F. Berlin, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints—Translation Division
"The Stick of Ishmael": A Latter-day Saint Perspective of the Qur'an

Kristian Heal, Brigham Young University
The Irresistible Joseph: Continuity and Discontinuity between Syriac Sources and the Quran

Cory Crawford, Brigham Young University
Rethinking the Relationship between Temple and Tabernacle

John Gee, Brigham Young University
History of the Book of the Dead I

Dave Nielsen, Duke University
Singular Readings in the Text of the ‘Unknown Gospel’

Daniel O. McClellan, University of Oxford
El Elyon, Begetter of Heaven and Earth

Latter-day Saints and the Bible
11/22/2010
9:00 AM to 11:30 AM
Room: Room TBD – Hotel TBD

Margaret Barker, Independent Scholar
“The Christian Envy of the Temple”: Revisiting Hugh Nibley's Landmark Paper after 50 Years.
John F. Hall, Brigham Young University
When the Lights Went Out: Hugh Nibley on the Passing of the Primitive Church
Laurence Hemming, Lancaster University
High Nibley and Attestations of Missing Traditions: The Lost 40 Days
Marco Frenschkowski, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
Hugh Nibley and German Biblical exegesis

Unity and Diversity in Early Jewish Monotheisms
11/22/2010
1:00 PM to 3:30 PM
Room: Room TBD – Hotel TBD

Theme: Key Terms in the Debate about Monotheism

Joel Burnett, Baylor University
What is an elohim? Reflections on Chronicles’ Use of the Term
Larry Hurtado, University of Edinburgh
What comprises ‘Jewish Monotheism’ in the late Hellenistic and early Roman Period?
Daniel McClellan, University of Oxford
What is Deity in LXX Deuteronomy?
Michael Hundley, University of Cambridge
What is divine presence?
Robert Barrett, Georg-August Universitaet-Goettingen
What Does it Mean to Follow Other Gods?

Matthew J. Grey, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
“Epigraphical Rabbis” and Epigraphical Priests: Using Inscriptions to Evaluate the Relationship between Priests and Rabbis in Late Antiquity

Aaron Schade, Brigham Young University Hawaii Campus
Fronted Word-Order in Phoenician Inscriptions

Latter-day Saints and the Bible
11/23/2010
9:00 AM to 11:30 AM
Room: Room TBD – Hotel TBD

David J. Larsen, University of St Andrews
Hugh Nibley and the New Year Festival
Frederick M. Huchel, The Frithurex Athenaeum
How the Lights Went Out: The Loss of the Temple in both Testaments
Dana M. Pike, Brigham Young University
"Formed in and Called from my Mother's Womb"
Michael Biggerstaff, Vanderbilt University
Bloodless Sacrifice and the Fulfillment of the Mosaic Law of Sacrifice
Dustin M. Naegle, Brite Divinity School – Texas Christian University
Approaching Isaiah: Hugh Nibley’s Use of Isaiah in Approaching Zion
Stephen D. Ricks, Brigham Young University and John W. Welch, Brigham Young University
Hugh Nibley and the Continuing Pursuit of the Forty-day Literature

Salt Lake Temple Open House…Sort of.

By dltayman, 28 May, 2010, No Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

An extraordinarily detailed cut-away scale model of the Salt Lake Temple has been unveiled in the visitor’s center at Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah, which allows all interested to see in exacting detail the inside of the Salt Lake Temple. See this article at the LDS newsroom for additional pictures.

I have only had the occasion to enter this extraordinary building once, and was blown away by its beauty. I greatly look forward to my next opportunity, and this is a fantastic resource for those who have an interest in LDS temples to get an authentic glimpse of the experience within.

Joseph Smith’s First Vision As More Than An Origin Story

By dltayman, 20 May, 2010, 2 Comments | Print This Post Print This Post

When teaching or reciting the story of Joseph Smith's First Vision of Deity, Latter-day Saints are accustomed as a people to state simply that the young Joseph wondered which Church was the True Church of Jesus Christ, read James 1:5 which directed him to ask God, obeyed what he learned, and in response received his First Vision, which served as a Prophetic Call, and was the Origin Story of the Restoration of the Gospel In These Latter Days.

This way of telling the story is true, and serves an important role in condensing the overall Narrative of the Restoration. However, once we accept the event as Historical, is that as far as we should go in exploring and applying this sacred account to our lives?

Expanding the Vision

By dltayman, 19 May, 2010, 1 Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

Part Two of the Temple Video is still in the works – it’s just coming together a bit more slowly due to additional responsibilities and other such Events of Life.

While the posts up to this point have had a specific focus with Old Testament and other ancient symbolism, I'm going to be expanding the range of posts on this site to include thoughts on the Scriptures and Doctrines of the Restoration.

I've been a self-study student of Church History since the beginning of my relationship with the Church, but recently I've had greater means and resources to study. In addition to my studies of Ancient History and Ancient Scripture, I've been complimenting it with a study of the Beginnings of the Restoration, right now with a focus on the Kirtland Era of the Church. There were some fascinating doctrinal developments, as well as some background information which I think is just as important to gaining the full impact of the scriptures as any of the Old Testament-related symbolism I've been writing about.

I’ve been wanting to explore some of my thoughts and discoveries, and had wondered the best way to do so. I had considered beginnning a separate Restoration-themed blog, but in the end decided to keep it consolidated here.

So from now on, you never know what you're going to find here. At one moment I may be writing about Kingship Rites in Ancient Israel, and the next be discussing the First Vision of Joseph Smith. I've found that there are times when the study of the Ancient and Modern together shed fascinating light on each other. Not only can the Ancient help us understand the Modern, but at times, the plethora of details we have of the Modern can help in filling in the no longer extant details of the Ancient.

I plan to have posts at times (such as this one explaining how understanding how the Pseudepigraphical Book of 1 Enoch was produced helps us understand the nature and purpose of the Joseph Smith Translation ) that connect those dots. Hopefully everything I present will be edifying, and add to one’s love and understanding of the scriptures, and assist in seeing the scriptures point more clearly towards the Savior of the World.

New Temple Video Series: Part 1 – Sacred Space

By dltayman, 21 April, 2010, 8 Comments | Print This Post Print This Post

I’ve teamed up with David Larsen from Heavenly Ascents to present a series of videos illustrating his work which discusses the nature, function, doctrines, and ritual of the ancient Temple, in a manner that will be especially of interest to those desiring to understand the connection with modern Latter-day Saint Temples.

Although I’ve posted my own YouTube videos before on my original personal YouTube account, for this I’ve opened up a YouTube channel for Visions of the Kingdom. This will also be presented on David Larsen’s Heavenly Ascents YouTube channel as well.

I have very much enjoyed working with David Larsen on this, and look forward to our further collaboration!

New Server and Location

By dltayman, 20 April, 2010, No Comment | Print This Post Print This Post

I’ve moved the main site over to a new server. Previously, the domain Visionsofthekingdom.com was just a shortcut that led to visionsofthekingdom.shynaar.net – however, visionsofthekingdom.com is now its own entity separate from Shynaar.net, and further posts will be presented over here, and not there. Feel free to update your bookmarks and RSS feeds accordingly! Apologies for any inconvenience!

Oh, and don’t be surprised if you find rusty nails and unpainted walls around the new place. I’m still trying to fix it up…

The Older Testament & Israelite Temple Mythology

By dltayman, 15 April, 2010, 7 Comments | Print This Post Print This Post

Myth: A Dynamic Teaching Method

The word 'Myth'  has gained a negative connotation among the general public, giving the sense of something that is either a lie, or simply inherently not true.

In the ancient worldview, what we view as Myth were teaching devices - a dynamic easy-to-visualize story framework - usually based on historical events – used as a vehicle to teach otherwise immaterial and ethereal principles and Truths that were difficult to convey otherwise.

Throughout time, the content of the Myths (the vehicle) change and adapt for the times and culture, in order to best present the Truth contained within them to the next generation.

The Older Testament

The title of this post takes its cue from the volume "The Older Testament" by Methodist Biblical Scholar Margaret Barker. The Book of this title is the first in a series of important works which explore the role of the Temple in Israelite tradition, and seek to uncover the earliest form of Israelite belief and religious expression that pre-dates even the texts we have in their current form as the Old Testament.

A key premise of the work of Margaret Barker (and many other biblical scholars) is that much of what we have in the Old Testament has been colored through the eyes of the Religious Reformation at the time of King Josiah (a period that can have an interesting parallel  to the Councils of Nicea), where Doctrine and Practice were re-regulated, certain interpretations of past events and scriptures were declared as authoritative, and power and religious authority were centralized and reformed. While the surviving Authorized Nationalistic Histories which became our canonized records in the Old Testament present this reform in a favorable light, there are other texts and histories (such as in the Enochic literature) that present the view that Josiah's reform was a religious travesty, that the temple and original Heavenly Wisdom was defiled, and that, one may say, "Many plain and precious things" were taken away from the True Religious Tradition. (Where shall Wisdom be found? (pdf, 70KB)

While the work of Margaret Barker1 is extensive, it can, coupled with other works of Biblical Scholarship ( that, as I,  do not always share all of her conclusions) be condensed into a cohesive picture that enlightens much of the most ancient texts and worldviews of the Old Testament, especially the imagery utilized as the backbone to many Psalms and Prophetic writings of Isaiah and Ezekiel.

What is presented below, based on my research and understanding, is a general outline of what appears to be one of the earliest Frameworks (Myths) of Israelite Ritual and Belief that was centralized and promulgated through the Temple. While many of the details have changed through Israelite and Christian history, I think it is very possible to  find that the key elements and themes (Creation, Rebellion, Probation, Atonement, Enthronement/Exaltation) have remained.

While I will plan on discussing more of these in greater detail at a later point, I present here a general outline of my understanding of the core Myth underlying the earliest Temple Tradition in the Old Testament. With these in mind, re-read the Old Testament. You may be surprised what you see!

  • Creation
    • El (or Yahweh) defeats the powers of the Chaotic Deep , personified by the Dragon (Leviathan, or Rahab), and orders the Creation through the power of Divine Wisdom. (cf: Isaiah 27:1, Isaiah 51:9, Psalms 136:5, Jeremiah 51:15)
    • An Eternal Covenant Bond is set in place which governs the creation, and keeps it in order.
    • El, victorious, is enthroned on the Exalted Holy Mountain with his 70 Sons, the Holy Ones. The chief of the Sons of El is Yahweh. (cf: Psalms 97:9, Psalms 82)
  • Rebellion
    • Certain of the Holy Ones (lead by Azazel) rebel, trespass the Eternal Covenant, leave their First Estate, and sow the seeds of contaminating destruction on the Earth, throwing the world and its inhabitants again on the road to Chaos (cf: Jude 1:6, Isaiah 24:5, Isaiah 14:12-14, Ezekiel 28:13-17)
  • Probation
    • The Fallen Ones (Watchers) are bound by the authority of the LORD until the Day of the LORD (Jude 1:6, 1 Peter 3:19-20)
  • Atonement
    • Atonement is the removal of all the effects of the broken covenant, a restoration of purity, and a healing renewal of the Creation (see Atonement: the Rite of Healing (pdf, 68KB)
    • The LORD will imminently return to cleanse the Earth, and to restore the order of Creation
  • The Role of Kings
    • The Anointed Kings of Nations, (associated and personified by Melchizedek) ,granted the Gift of Divine Wisdom (Isaiah 11:2), are the earthly representatives of the 70 Sons of El. They are Shepherds (Jeremiah 25:34-36, Isaiah 44:28, Jeremiah 50:6), and responsible for and representative of  their respective realms of authority. Yahweh is the Holy One (the Shepherd) of Israel. (Psalms 80:1)
    • The Kings receive the Law from God on His Holy Mountain in order to make known the ways of maintaining the purity of Creation, and separating the Holy (that which is like God) from the Unholy (that which is unlike God). They have the ability (and duty) to teach and safeguard purity.
    • Kings suffer and bear the consequences of impurity for and behalf of their people. Just as they personify the LORD to their people, to the LORD, the King personified his people. (Isaiah 53 - see also The Original Setting of the Fourth Servant Song (pdf, 40KB)
    • When the proper sacrifice is made, They may then cast the iniquity to the Rebel Nations (Fallen Angels), that they alone may suffer the fullness of wrath - purity and order is restored to their Nation.
  • Temple
    • The temple is the stage on which this instructional drama is played out.
      • Creation
      • Rebellion
      • Atonement
      • Enthronement
  • The temple is simultaneously on Earth and in Heaven. In the temple, those involved in the drama are viewed as being their heavenly counterparts.
  • Prophets and Priests are Servants and Messengers (angels) of the Holy Ones.

The Day of the LORD is the finalization of the Final Atonement, where the LORD returns from His Throne on the Holy Mountain (The Holy of Holies) to cleanse the whole earth.

  1. For a Latter-day saint view of Margaret’s work, see Paradigms Regained []